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In this video, we look at the Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV. First we explore the structure of HIV and see how it is an example of an RNA virus. Next we explore how HIV replicates and how this leads to the symptoms of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Finally, we look at why we cannot use antibiotics to treat viral diseases such as HIV.

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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

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IDF 2015 National Conference session, “Introduction to Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases” was presented by Dr. Kenneth Paris, MD, MPH, and Dr. Ricardo Sorensen, MD on June 25, 2015.

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IDF 2021 PI Conference Session, “Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Cytopenias in Primary Immunodeficiency” was presented by Jolan Walter, MD, Ph.D. on June 26, 2021.
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Subtitles available in Spanish, French, Dutch, Danish, Arabic, Romanian, Chinese (Simplified), Portuguese and Italian.

What are primary immunodeficiencies?
The immune system helps your body fight infections. People with a primary immunodeficiency (PIDs, PI) or an inborn error of immunity (IEI), have immune systems that do not work properly.

PIDs are rare and chronic conditions that occur when some components of the immune system, mainly cells and proteins, do not work properly, or at all. People with PIDs are more prone than others to recurrent or unusual infections, and this can lead to serious harm to their health.

Primary immunodeficiencies manifest through many different symptoms, and recognizing these symptoms is key to an early and successful diagnosis. Importantly, patients also require different forms of medical treatments depending on their PID, and most of these are lifelong. Some PIDs can also be treated with curative interventions.

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A primary immunodeficiency disorder compromises the immune system and prevents the body from fighting off any infection or disease. During this time of Covid-19 a strong immune system is key and those who suffer from any immunodeficiency disease could be at an increased risk. The Annual World Primary Immunodeficiency Week has this year been extended to 10 weeks from 22 April to the 1st of July to raise awareness for those living with any of these diseases. Professor Claudia Gray, Paediatric Allergy Specialist at Red Cross Children’s Hospital & UCT Lung Institute joins us this morning to tell us more about the link between PID and Covid-19.

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31 quizzes about Atopic Dermatitis, Eczema, and Noninfectious Immunodeficiency Disorders – Part 2. Each quiz is an image for you to identify situations such as Pompholyx, Id reaction, Xerotic eczema, Nummular eczema, Job’s syndrome, Ataxia telangiectasia, Granulomatous lesions, Common variable immunodeficiency, Warts in DOCK8, Acute graft-versus-host disease, Acute graft-versus-host disease grade 2, Chronic graft-versus-host disease, Fasciitis in graft-versus-host disease, Sclerodermoid graft-versus-host disease, and more… All questions have answers.
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Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a potentially fatal primary immunodeficiency. This condition is generally considered to be the most serious of the primary immunodeficiencies. Today, early identification of SCID can make possible life-saving interventions. Join the Immune Deficiency Foundation as we speak with Nicole Locastro, a mother of a child diagnosed with SCID through newborn screening. Nicole offers us some thoughtful insights into the family experience and some strategies her family employed along the way.

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There is a recent misconception circulating that COVID-19 causes immunodeficiency. The TL;DR: this is not the case.

Immunodeficiency occurs when one (or both) arms of the adaptive immune system are not functioning properly. This means that individuals become susceptible for a broad array of opportunistic illnesses. These include infections with microorganisms that would normally not cause disease in most healthy individuals.

These include:

Pneumocystis pneumonia: serious respiratory illness caused by fungal infection by the pathogen Pneumocystis jirovecii

Tuberculosis: caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Typically very rare, infection risk increases if someone’s immune system is not functioning properly.

Coccidioidomycosis: also called valley fever, this is another infection with a fungus found in the soil.

Cryptosporidiosis: a parasitic infection that can cause diarrhea and other severe GI symptoms

These types of illnesses are not occurring after recovery from COVID-19. T cells are not being “wiped out” after COVID-19. Yes, there is some evidence that some individuals have temporary immune system changes or perturbations after infection with SARS-CoV-2, but that is not the same as immunodeficiency, and is also not unique to this virus. More on this topic soon!

Winter respiratory illnesses such as RSV and influenza are not opportunistic infections. We’ve chatted about some reasons why there is increased infection activity previously, so check that out too.

Please be careful who you consume information from – misleading info is everywhere.

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Watch this IDF Forum recording to hear Alexandra Freeman, MD discuss COVID-19 and how it could affect people with primary immunodeficiency. This meeting was presented on April 13, 2020.
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Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) represents a constellation of genetically distinct syndromes with the common feature of defects in both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Affected infants are susceptible to severe recurrent infections by a wide array of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans; opportunistic infections by Candida, Pneumocystis, CMV, and Pseudomonas also cause serious (and occasionally lethal) disease.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is an X-linked recessive disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, eczema, and a marked vulnerability to recurrent infection, ending in early death; the only treatment is bone marrow transplantation.

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http://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2016/01/10/feline-immunodeficiency-virus.aspx?x_cid=youtube Dr. Karen Becker, a proactive and integrative wellness veterinarian, talks about feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a lentivirus, or “slow virus,” that multiplies slowly and has a long incubation period before causing symptoms.

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Hey friends, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is one of the most common diseases in the feline population, often grouped with other viruses like feline leukaemia and feline infectious peritonitis. Today we chat through what fiv is and what it means for your feline furr-iend if they have fiv!
If you stumbled on this video I hope you and your furkids are healthy and well. ❤️

⏰Timestamps
0:00 intro
0:52 what we will cover
1:05 how is feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) transmitted?
1:54 fiv pathogenesis
3:15 brain break
4:03 can your fiv cat live with other healthy cats at home?
4:27 research paper 1
5:50 research paper 2
6:11 managing your fiv positive cat
7:03 research paper 3
7:60 how I keep my cat, Keith healthy tips and advice

📖 References:
1. Transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) among cohabiting cats in two cat rescue shelters (paper 1) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023314000847
2. Management and multicat household study (paper 2) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4332694/
3. Clinical Findings and Survival in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jvim.12120

📖Other sources:
– FIV QnA video https://youtu.be/0YsQ1PV2Itw?si=SJkjYj2LV2igXVTY
– ABCD guidelines on prevention and management https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7129779/
– https://www.humanesociety.org/news/fiv-positive-cats
– Feline environment guidelines https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X13477537, https://www.cats.org.uk/help-and-advice/home-and-environment/indoor-cats

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Morton Cowan, MD, reviews the history, diagnosis and management of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID). Recorded on 12.19.2014. [6/2015] [Show ID: 29421]

Please Note: Knowledge about health and medicine is constantly evolving. This information may become out of date.

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UCTV is the broadcast and online media platform of the University of California, featuring programming from its ten campuses, three national labs and affiliated research institutions. UCTV explores a broad spectrum of subjects for a general audience, including science, health and medicine, public affairs, humanities, arts and music, business, education, and agriculture. Launched in January 2000, UCTV embraces the core missions of the University of California — teaching, research, and public service – by providing quality, in-depth television far beyond the campus borders to inquisitive viewers around the world.
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Savannah was a good friend of the Immune Deficiency Foundation, and we continue to celebrate her life through this video.

GROUNDBreaking Stories are your words, your videos, your stories. By sharing experiences, you can inspire each other. The stories cover all sorts of topics, whether it’s school, primary immunodeficiency (PI) and treatment, or just everyday life.
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